Hazmat
Also known as: Hazardous Materials, Dangerous Goods, HM, DG
Definition
Hazmat shipping involves transporting materials that can harm people, property, or the environment. Strict regulations govern packaging, labeling, documentation, and who can carry these goods.
Hazmat Classes
| Class | Type | Examples |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Explosives | Fireworks, ammunition |
| 2 | Gases | Propane, aerosols |
| 3 | Flammable liquids | Gasoline, paint |
| 4 | Flammable solids | Matches, lithium batteries |
| 5 | Oxidizers | Pool chemicals |
| 6 | Toxic/Infectious | Pesticides, medical waste |
| 7 | Radioactive | Medical isotopes |
| 8 | Corrosives | Batteries, acids |
| 9 | Miscellaneous | Dry ice, magnetized materials |
Hazmat Requirements
Documentation:
- Shipping papers with proper descriptions
- Emergency contact information
- Safety Data Sheets (SDS)
Packaging:
- UN-certified containers
- Proper closure and cushioning
- Inner packaging requirements
Labeling:
- Diamond hazard labels
- UN number markings
- Proper shipping name
Carrier Requirements
- Hazmat endorsement (HME) for drivers
- Placard display on vehicles
- Training requirements
- Route restrictions
- Quantity limitations
Common Hazmat Items
Many everyday items are hazmat:
- Lithium batteries
- Perfumes and aerosols
- Nail polish
- Cleaning chemicals
- Paint and solvents
Penalties
Non-compliance can result in:
- Fines up to $75,000+ per violation
- Criminal prosecution
- Shipment refusal
- Carrier relationship damage
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