International Shipping
Also known as: Cross-Border Shipping, Global Shipping, International Freight
Definition
International shipping involves transporting goods from one country to another. It’s more complex than domestic shipping due to customs requirements, duties, documentation needs, and varying regulations across countries.
International Shipping Methods
| Method | Transit Time | Cost | Best For |
|---|---|---|---|
| Air Express | 1-5 days | Highest | Urgent, small packages |
| Air Freight | 5-10 days | High | Time-sensitive, valuable |
| Ocean FCL | 20-45 days | Low | Large volumes |
| Ocean LCL | 25-50 days | Medium | Smaller quantities |
Required Documentation
Always Required
- Commercial invoice
- Packing list
- Bill of lading or air waybill
Often Required
- Certificate of origin
- Import/export licenses
- Product certifications
- Phytosanitary certificates (for plants/food)
Key Considerations
Customs
- HS code classification
- Duty rate calculation
- De minimis thresholds
- Prohibited/restricted items
Regulations
- Export controls
- Import restrictions
- Product standards
- Labeling requirements
Costs
- Freight charges
- Customs duties
- Brokerage fees
- Insurance
- Local delivery
Incoterms for International
| Term | Seller’s Responsibility |
|---|---|
| EXW | Minimal - goods at factory |
| FOB | To loading on vessel |
| CIF | Freight + insurance to port |
| DDP | All costs to buyer’s door |
Common Challenges
- Customs delays
- Documentation errors
- Duty calculations
- Delivery in remote areas
- Returns across borders
- Currency fluctuations
- Regulatory changes
International Shipping Tips
- Classify products correctly (HS codes)
- Complete documentation accurately
- Use experienced customs brokers
- Understand landed costs before pricing
- Consider DDP for better customer experience
- Track shipments end-to-end
- Plan for longer transit times
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