NMFC Code
Also known as: NMFC Number, National Motor Freight Classification Code, Commodity Code
Definition
NMFC (National Motor Freight Classification) codes are standardized numbers that classify commodities for LTL (Less Than Truckload) shipping. Each code corresponds to a specific freight class (50-500) that determines pricing based on the commodity’s characteristics.
How NMFC Codes Work
Every product shipped via LTL needs an NMFC code that maps to a freight class:
Structure: NMFC codes are typically 5-6 digits, sometimes with sub-codes.
Example:
- NMFC 100240 - Automotive parts, iron or steel
- Sub-2: Class 70
- Sub-3: Class 85
- Sub-4: Class 100
The sub-code specifies exactly which variation applies.
NMFC Code Components
| Element | Purpose |
|---|---|
| Item number | Main commodity identification |
| Sub number | Specific variation or packaging |
| Class | Pricing tier (50-500) |
| Description | Detailed commodity definition |
| Packaging requirements | How it must be shipped |
Finding Your NMFC Code
Methods:
- NMFC Database - Official ClassIT tool (subscription required)
- Freight broker - They’ll classify for you
- Carrier assistance - Many help with classification
- Online tools - Freightquote, FreightCenter have lookup tools
- Industry knowledge - Common items have well-known codes
Why Correct NMFC Matters
Using wrong code can result in:
- Reclassification charges ($100-300+)
- Delayed shipments
- Carrier disputes
- Incorrect pricing
- Denied claims
Carriers regularly audit shipments and reclassify if codes are wrong.
Common NMFC Code Examples
| Product | NMFC | Class |
|---|---|---|
| Machinery | 133960 | 85 |
| Furniture, wooden | 100660 | 100-150 |
| Electronics | 116030 | 92.5-100 |
| Clothing | 84300 | 77.5-85 |
| Food products | 50100 | 55-85 |
These are examples only—always verify for your specific product.
Density vs. Commodity-Based NMFC
Commodity-based:
- Fixed class regardless of size/weight
- Examples: Mattresses (Class 250), tires (Class 77.5)
- Easier but may not reflect actual characteristics
Density-based:
- Class determined by shipment density
- Calculate: Weight ÷ Cubic feet
- More accurate for varied products
Challenging Classifications
If you believe your NMFC code/class is wrong:
- Gather product specifications
- Calculate actual density
- Request carrier review
- File formal appeal with NMFC
- Get binding ruling
NMFC Code Best Practices
- Verify before shipping - Don’t guess
- Document density - Keep weight/dimension records
- Use accurate descriptions - Match NMFC language
- Review periodically - Codes can change
- Consider reclassification - If density changed, reclass may save money
- Train your team - Consistent classification across shipments