Tariff Code
Also known as: Tariff Number, HS Code, HTS Code, Customs Code
Definition
A tariff code is a standardized numeric classification that identifies products for customs and international trade purposes. It determines the duty rate applied to imports and ensures consistent classification across countries.
Tariff Code Structure
The Harmonized System (HS) provides the foundation:
8471.30.0100
│ │ │
│ │ └─ Country-specific (varies by nation)
│ └──── HS Subheading (6 digits, international standard)
└───────── HS Chapter and Heading
HS Code Levels
| Level | Digits | Standardization |
|---|---|---|
| Chapter | 2 | International (97 chapters) |
| Heading | 4 | International |
| Subheading | 6 | International |
| National tariff | 8-10 | Country-specific |
Example Classifications
| Product | HS Code | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Laptop | 8471.30 | Portable digital computers |
| T-shirt (cotton) | 6109.10 | Cotton T-shirts and tanks |
| Coffee (roasted) | 0901.21 | Roasted coffee, not decaf |
| Bicycle | 8712.00 | Bicycles and cycles |
Why Correct Classification Matters
- Duty rates - Wrong code = wrong duty paid
- Trade agreements - Eligibility for preferential rates
- Import restrictions - Some codes require licenses
- Anti-dumping duties - Specific duties on certain products
- Penalties - Fines for misclassification
Finding the Right Code
- USITC database - Search US HTS schedule
- Customs ruling requests - Get official determination
- Classification specialists - Customs brokers, consultants
- Product specifications - Material, function, construction
Classification Challenges
- Products with multiple functions
- New technology not clearly classified
- Component vs. complete articles
- Sets and kits
- Samples and prototypes
Getting Help
- Binding rulings - Request official CBP classification
- Customs brokers - Expert classification assistance
- WCO resources - HS explanatory notes
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